Challenges Faced by the Repatriates and their Subsequent Impact on Repatriates’ Satisfaction

  • Muhammad Shaukat Malik Institute of Banking and Finance, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan,Pakistan
  • Usman Farooq Institute of Banking and Finance, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan,Pakistan
  • Famya Khalid Department of CABB, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Keywords: Repatriation, Expatriate Management Cycle, Predictors of Repatriation , Repatriates

Abstract

Objective: Through decades repatriation has been the most ignored and a problematic phase of the Expatriate Management Cycle (EMC). Expatriates when returning back to their home country are referred as Repatriates and this returning phase is known as Repatriation phase of the Expatriate Management Cycle. This Repatriation phase is mainly the unplanned stage where organizational managers make the mistake. They certainly believe that the repatriates are returning back to their home and wrongly assumes that there will be no complications or challenges for these repatriates on their arrival back to home country. This strategic lack results in the immense dissatisfaction of these repatriates soon after arrival to the home county. Our aim is to provide a detailed study on the process of repatriation by identifying the challenges that are faced by the repatriates on their arrival to the home country and to oversee their subsequent impact on their job performance.

Methodology: Data was collected through primary means using convenience sampling method through various organizations and of 300 respondents 186 were filtered out to be analyzed using different statistical techniques on SPSS.

Result: There exist a significant negative relationship between all the identified challenges faced by the repatriates and their job satisfaction level

Implication: At the end of the research some recommendations were also proposed for the organizational managers to overcome these challenges. This piece of research can not only be used by the researchers for their research work but can also be based by the organizational managers to formulate their repatriation strategies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Noe, R.A. (2013). Employee training and development (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Yeaton, K., & Hall, N. (2008). Expatriates: Reducing failure rates. Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, 75-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.20388

Miranda, J. C. (2009). An exploratory research On learning styles of expatriates in Malaysia. Unitar E-Journal, 5(1), 82-101.

Doherty, N., Richardson, J., & Thorn, K. (2013). Self-initiated expatriation and self-initiated expatriates: Clarification of the research stream. Career Development International, 18(1), 97-112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431311305971

Jitendra, M. (2011). Repatriation. Advances In the Management, 4(1), 7-9

Stroh, L. K., Gregersen, H. B., & Black, J. S. (2000). Triumphs and tragedies: expectations and commitments upon repatriation. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 11(4), 681-697. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190050075060

Baruch, Y., Steele, D. J., & Quantrill, G. A. (2002). Management of expatriation and repatriation for novice global player. International Journal of Manpower, 23(7), 659-671. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01437720210450824

Gaw, K. F. (2000). Reverse culture shock in students returning from overseas. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 24(1), 83-104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(99)00024-3

Vidal, M. E. S., Valle, R. S., Aragón, M. I. B., & Brewster, C. (2007). Repatriation adjustment process of business employees: Evidence from Spanish workers. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 31(3), 317-337. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2006.07.004

Linehan, M., & Scullion, H. (2002). Repatriation of European female corporate executives: an empirical study. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(2), 254-267. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190110102369

Jassawalla, A. R., & Sashittal, H. C. (2009). Thinking strategically about integrating repatriated managers in MNCs. Human Resource Management,48(5), 769-792. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20313

Suutari, V., & Välimaa, K. (2002). Antecedents of repatriation adjustment: New evidence from Finnish repatriates. International Journal of Manpower,23(7), 617-634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01437720210450798

Haslberger, A., & Brewster, C. (2008). The expatriate family: An international perspective. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(3), 324-346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940810861400

Avril, A. B., & Magnini, V. P. (2007). A holistic approach to expatriate success. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,19(1), 53-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110710724161

Bolino, M. C. (2007). Expatriate assignments and intra-organizational career success: Implications for individuals and organizations. Journal of international business studies, 38(5), 819-835. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400290

McEvoy, G. M., & Buller, P. F. (2013). Research for practice: The management of expatriates. Thunderbird International Business Review, 55(2), 213-226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.21536

Lazarova, M. B., & Cerdin, J. L. (2007). Revisiting Repatriation. Journal of International Business Studies, 38, 404-429. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400273

Barakat, A., & Moussa, F. (2014). Variables influencing expatriate learning and organizational learning. Competitiveness Review, 24(4), 275-292 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-06-2013-0063

Bossard, A., & Peterson, R. B. (2005). The repatriate experience as seen by American expatriates. Journal of World Business, 40, 9-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2004.10.002

Martin, K, A. (1984). Repatriation transitions: Psychological preparedness, cultural identity, and attributions among American managers.International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25(2), 109-123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(00)00046-8

Suutari, V., & Tornikoski, C. (2001). The challenge of expatriate compensation: The sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction among expatriates. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(3), 389-404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/713769624

Spector, P. E., "Job Satisfaction: Applications, Assessment, Causes and Consequences" (1997).Psychology Faculty Publications. Paper 554 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231549

Published
2020-06-30
How to Cite
Malik, M. S., Usman Farooq, & Famya Khalid. (2020). Challenges Faced by the Repatriates and their Subsequent Impact on Repatriates’ Satisfaction. Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies, 2(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.26710/sbsee.v2i1.1178